Damage, Living Environment, and Reconstruction Under the Great East Japan Earthquake-The 4th Survey of Nuclear Disaster Evacuees from Futaba, Fukushima, Summary of Results 2017 | ニッセイ基礎研究所
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- Damage, Living Environment, and Reconstruction Under the Great East Japan Earthquake-The 4th Survey of Nuclear Disaster Evacuees from Futaba, Fukushima, Summary of Results 2017
Damage, Living Environment, and Reconstruction Under the Great East Japan Earthquake-The 4th Survey of Nuclear Disaster Evacuees from Futaba, Fukushima, Summary of Results 2017
保険研究部 准主任研究員 岩﨑 敬子
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1――Basic Information
The survey targeted heads of households and Figures 1 and 2 show the distribution of age and gender of the respondents. As we can see from these figures, compared to the age and gender distribution reported in the national census, the age distribution of the respondents is left-skewed, with the majority of respondents in their 60s. The gender distribution shows that the majority of respondents are male. In addition, since the survey was conducted after the tremendous disaster, it is possible that the distributions of the respondents' characteristics are significantly different from those of general questionnaire surveys. Therefore, it should be noted that the results of this survey do not necessarily indicate the general trend of Futaba residents.
1 This research was supported by the following research grants.
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15 J09313, 26220502, LZ003), Research Grants of the Japan Center for Economic Research.
This study is approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Tokyo (19 -73).
2――Health Condition
3――Change in Social Capital
There are several indicators that are commonly used to measure social capital, but we focused on three items. First, we checked the level of "generalized trust" using the GSS trust question, which is one of the most commonly used social capital measures. Generalized trust among Futaba residents had been decreasing from 2013 to 2016 (portion of those that think people can be trusted had been decreasing). However, in 2017, the portion of those that think people can be trusted has increased and the overall distribution can be considered to have shifted to the recovery trend (see Figure 7). On the other hand, the portion of those that think we should be always careful in dealing with people has been increasing and we need a continuous careful observation. In addition, the second indicator of social capital, "frequency of mutual assistance with neighbors" and the third indicator, "trust of neighbors" hardly shows recovery trend. It will take a very long time for social capital to recover, and we believe it is important to continue to monitor these changes over the long term.
4――Building Relationships with Residents at Evacuation Destinations
5――Nakoso-Sakai Public Restoration Housing
6――Summary of Findings from the Four Rounds of Surveys
(2) In particular, there was a possibility that the mental health of those who had lived in temporary shelters for a long time was in a serious condition.
(3) As to changes in income, health status, and living space caused by the disaster, we find that the greater the extent of decrease or deterioration is, the greater the degree of decline in individual well-being tends to be.
(4) The disaster has weakened the social capital of Futaba residents, and recovery may take a very long time.
(5) Keeping in touch with friends from pre-disaster times as well as participating in hobbies and volunteer activities after the disaster may help people maintain good mental health.
(6) The receptive attitudes of residents in the evacuation destinations and successful relationship buildings between the evacuees and residents in evacuation destinations can help to achieve mental health recovery of the evacuees.
These results have been presented at international and domestic academic conferences. In addition, these results have been published in international academic journals. We intend to continue our analysis and contribute to the improvement of disaster preparation/rehabilitation policies.
Our survey results are based on aggregates and analyses of responses from approximately 26% of the households of Futaba and do not represent all Futaba residents. Since the survey was conducted after a major disaster, the characteristics of respondents may be very different from general surveys and there is a possibility of an overestimation in our results due to the deterioration of physical and mental health conditions. Therefore, special caution is required in interpreting the results, and any definitive judgments based solely on these findings should be avoided.
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03-3512-1882
- 【職歴】
2010年 株式会社 三井住友銀行
2015年 独立行政法人日本学術振興会 特別研究員
2018年 ニッセイ基礎研究所 研究員
2021年7月より現職
【加入団体等】
日本経済学会、行動経済学会、人間の安全保障学会
博士(国際貢献、東京大学)
2022年 東北学院大学非常勤講師
2020年 茨城大学非常勤講師
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